Social Security 101

Rich Hailey is dissin on my man-crush, Paul Krugman.

We’ll start with an easy target, Mr. Paul Krugman, who was featured on Fresh Air today. Mr. Krugman continually took President Bush’s administration to task for using bad math to back up their budget. In one part, he states that his first awareness of the inconsistency of the Bush Plan was during the campaign, when Bush proposed privitizing a portion of the Social Security program. According to Mr. Jrugman, Bush proposed allowing workers to put about 1/6 of their Social Security contribution into a private account, rather than in the general fund. The problem with that, according to him, is that current revenues are used to pay current recipients, and by taking out 1/6th of the total contributions, there wouldn’t be enough money left to pay the current recipients. He also claimed that Bush never answered questions about how the government planned to make up the difference.

Oddly enough, he had answered his own question about 30 seconds before, when he announced that the Social Security collections were running about 25% over disbursements. In other words, allowing people to keep control of 1/6th of their contribution would have reduced revenue for the general fund by 16.7%, meaning that collections would still exceed disbursement by 8.3%

For a guy who complains about Bush’s math abilities, he seems to have some glaring weaknesses himself. Must be that liberal blind spot. Interestingly enough, during the campaign, Bush did say, on more than one occasion, that the privatization funds would come out of the surplus collections. I guess Mr. Krugman played hooky that day.

You know, if you’re going to question the math of someone with a resume as impressive as Paul Krugman’s is, you’d better be right. But, I’m not convinced Rich paid all that much attention to what Krugman was saying:

The problem with the 1/6 private account diversion is not that current Social Security recipients won’t be able to be paid, nor is that what Krugman argued. He argues that the future recipients, which outnumber the current recipients by a large magnitude, thanks to the babyboom generation, will not be able to be paid.

This is where a fundamental understanding of social security comes in to play. My favorite quote from the whole interview: “It [social security] is not an investment fund.” Repeat after me: Social security is not an investment fund. It’s a tax/benefit system. As Rich correctly points out, current revenues are used to pay current recipients. Of course, working class to retirement class proportions are not always (read: never) 1-to-1. Thus, it would follow that any responsible fiscal policy would include running a surplus during times when the working class revenues exceed pay-outs so that there will be funds available to cover the next generation when pay-outs will exceed revenues.

As Krugman points out, there was a time when we discussed this publically, and acknowledged that a social security/medicare surplus was necessary and wise (and if anything, needs to be increased) to prepare for the impending boom of pay-outs that threaten to bankrupt the system. Al Gore wanted to put it in a “lock box”.

If only he had had a chance. Nowadays, since the rise of power of the “party of fiscal responsibility”, this logic is gone. The surplus is simply a pot of gold, waiting to be distributed. Tax cuts for the wealthy at the expense of our social system’s future.

You may not agree with Paul Krugman’s priorities. But, the man has a Ph.D. in economics from MIT. He’s a smart guy. His math is pretty hard to beat.


Comments

Actually, Chris, you’re combining two different arguments Krugman made. First, when talking about current revenues, he stated that we were running a 25% surplus. Then he moved on to his next topic, the Bush privatization plan, and pretended that there was no surplus with which to pay for it. Misleading at best, deceptive at worst. The straight math says we can privatize 1/6th of social security and still meet current needs. As for future needs, your theory has a big hole. You assume that the surplus is going to be saved for future use. Last I checked, the Social Security fund goes directly into the gnereal fund. As you point out, despite the name, there is no trust set aside for future use. (In a side note, why was it called a Trust in the first place? Did we lose the actual intent, or was that another liberal deception?) If the money is going to be spent now anyway, then there’s no real difference, as far as future payments go, whether it is spent by the gov’t in the general fund, or invested by the public in private funds. It still is not available for future payments. The major difference is that under Bush’s plan, there is a chance that fewer people will be dependent on federal assistance for retirement, given that, historically, the market has outperformed Social Security and COLA increases by a significant margin.

That, incidently, is the other flaw in Krugman’s case. He assumes that private investment will not lessen future dependence on the federal retirement plan. Another glaring example of his liberal blind spot. His degree in economics notwithstanding, his biases tend to skew his analysis.

First, when talking about current revenues, he stated that we were running a 25% surplus. Then he moved on to his next topic, the Bush privatization plan, and pretended that there was no surplus with which to pay for it. Misleading at best, deceptive at worst. The straight math says we can privatize 1/6th of social security and still meet current needs.

Yes … by using the surplus that is needed for social security. There is no surplus with which to pay for the Bush privatization plan. I am not combining arguments – you are splitting them because you are not acknowledging that the surplus is not a purposeless hunk of money – it is money needed for the continued functioning of the social security system. If the surplus disappears, so do the pay-outs of the impending retiring baby-boom generation.

That, incidently, is the other flaw in Krugman’s case. He assumes that private investment will not lessen future dependence on the federal retirement plan. Another glaring example of his liberal blind spot. His degree in economics notwithstanding, his biases tend to skew his analysis.

Private investment as a complement to our current system will not work as advertised in the Bush plan, because it cripples the current system without fully supplanting it. Because of the way social security was implemented, with tax revenues going to pay retirees all at once, there is an implicit debt between the working revenue-generating class and the next generation. Privatization may very well be a solution (although I have my doubts), but it cannot be attempted until we have inflated the surplus sufficiently so that it can cover this entire debt. Then the system becomes a more traditional personal investment system and can be reformed however you like.

From my friend Doug, commenting on the same post on my livejournal mirror:

*Ummm, no, 5/4 * 5/6 = 25/24. Which means collections would exceed disbursements by only 1/24, or about 4.2%. You can’t just add and subtract percentage points like they’re units.

His point still seems to be valid, though, as long as that fraction is at least 1. But it’s pretty apalling to see someone throwing numbers around like that.*

As for future needs, your theory has a big hole. You assume that the surplus is going to be saved for future use. Last I checked, the Social Security fund goes directly into the gnereal fund.

My theory has a hole because Bush is frittering away the surplus that anyone with an ounce of fiscal responsibility would know needs to be saved?

Riiiight.

Doug OrleansSeptember 11, 2003 at 17:27 · reply

Yeah, I was wondering if the comments were mirrored too (in both directions), but I guess not. Can anything be done about that?

Also, it’s pretty appalling to see myself misspell “appalling” :(

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